浅析我国财产刑犯罪中罚金的适用
韦 培 成


摘要
财产刑，是剥夺犯罪人财产权利的刑罚，有罚金与没收财产两种。罚金是人民法院判处犯罪人向国家缴纳一定数额金钱的刑罚方法，没收财产是没收犯罪分子个人所有财产的一部或者全部。在我国现行刑法中共有355处提到罚金二字，分布在一百四十八个条款当中，涉及罪名一百八十五个，有关罚金规定的科学性、合理性、实践适用中出现的问题以及相应的具体解决方法一直是我国刑罚研究讨论的热点问题。本文中，笔者对罚金刑广泛的适用性，罚金的适用方式，罚金数额的立法规定，罚金的缴纳方式进行了详细的总结和统计分析。从刑罚的功能与目的着手，从经济分析法学的角度思考和分析经济学分析方法在法律制度中的可适用性。在分析国家公权利在罚金刑制度上适用的成本，界定犯罪者以及犯罪行为模型，犯罪和守法的收益比较，犯罪者犯罪收益和犯罪成本的基础之上，笔者认为应该可以再假拟出一种罚金制裁模式，用于我国罚金数额立法规定的补充。这种罚金制裁模式最核心的部分应该是合理的罚金数额及有效的执行手段。设法做到使罪犯由于实施犯罪行为而处境更为恶化，能将犯罪所造成的损失完全加之于制造损失的人身上，起到威慑作用，抑制其犯罪的冲动，满足刑法功能与目的，降低司法成本。

关键字：财产刑，罚金刑，经济分析方法，罚金数额，效率






The application of Fine in the Criminal of
Property Punishment in China
Science of Law 02-2 Wei Peicheng
Supervised by Xu Ping
Abstract
Property punishment, penalty of depriving criminal of property right, is classified fine and confiscates property. Fine is a penalty that people's court hand in certain amount of money to state after sentencing criminals. Confiscation of all personal property was confiscated criminals or all of a .Having referred to 355 times in all in our state's current criminal law, fine is distributed in 148 clauses, involving 185 accusations. The problems appearing in the application whether fine is scientific, reasonable, practical, and its concrete solutions is still a hot question in the penalty study in China. In this thesis, I make detailed statistics and analysis on its extensive applicability, applicable way, payment way, and legislative rules of fine amount. With the purpose to function from the penalty from the perspective of economic analysis of law and economics analysis of analytical methods in the legal system applicability. In the analysis of national public rights in criminal fines system applicable costs defined offenders and crime models of crime and law-abiding receipts compared perpetrators of crime proceeds and cost basis, I believe that we should be able to leave to prepare a fine model of sanctions, fines amount to my supplementary legislation. This model, the core part of the sanctions imposed should be reasonable and effective means of implementation of fines amount.Trying to make sure that criminals are in worse situation due to their behaviors, this principle can put all the loss made by criminals on the persons who make it, which can play a role of deterring, restraining criminals’ impulse , satisfying function and purpose of criminal law , reducing cost of judicature.
Key word: property punishment, fine punishment, method of economic analysis, fine amount, efficiency



目录
第一章 绪论 ……………………………………………………………………………………………1
第二章 财产刑和罚金的概述……………………………………………………………………………2
一 财产刑和罚金概念的确定和渊源 ………………………………………………………………2
二 我国现行刑法中有关罚金刑的规定 …………………………………………………………2
（一） 罚金刑广泛的适用性 …………………………………………………………………3
（二） 罚金的适用方式……………………………………………………………………………3
（三） 罚金数额的立法规定 …………………………………………………………………4
（四） 罚金的缴纳方式 ………………………………………………………………………5
第三章 罚金刑制度适用的成本分析 ………………………………………………………………… 6
一 经济学分析方法在法律制度中的可适用性………………………………………………………6
二 从国家公权利角度考虑罚金刑制度适用的成本…………………………………………………6
三 从犯罪者角度考虑犯罪收益和犯罪成本的界定…………………………………………………8
（一） 犯罪者以及犯罪行为模型的界定……………………………………………………………8
（二） 犯罪和守法的收益比较 …………………………………………………………………9
第四章 罚金刑制裁模式 …………………………………………………………………………… 10
一 罚金数额的公式提出 　 …………………………………………………………………………10
二 罚金制裁模式适用的规则 …………………………………………………………………… 11
三 有效率的罚金执行方法 ………………………………………………………………………… 12
结论………………………………………………………………………………15
致谢……………………………………………………………………………………16
参考文献………………………………………………………………………………17
附录………………………………………………………………………………19